The report discusses acbfs aggregate production and properties, and the properties of concrete produced with acbfs coarse aggregate. Use and properties of blast furnace slag as a building. Fly ash and blast furnace slag for cement manufacturing gbfs is slag from the iron production in basic oxygen furnaces. Cementitious applications of ground granulated blast furnace slag mf 1845 national slag association. This involves the activation of the slag with alkalis and sulphates in order to form its hydration product. Properties significant chemoresistance, and suppression of alkaliaggregate reaction type b and c. Beneficial effects of cements with blast furnace slag on the chemical resistance of concrete are outlined with reference to a forthcoming paper on this subject. At the present, most industrial slags are being used without taking full advantage of their properties or disposed rather than used.
Fly ash, slag, silica fume, and natural pozzolans fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, silica fume, and natural pozzolans, such as calcined shale, calcined clay or metakaolin, are materials that, when used in conjunction with portland or blended cement, contribute to the properties of the hardened concrete through hydraulic or. Blast furnance slag user guideline portland cement. Slag cement concrete the dutch experience statens vegvesen. Coarse blast furnace slag as a cementitious material, comparative study as a partial replacement of portland cement and as an alkali activated cement. Blast furnace slag is formed in a continuous process by melting lime andor dolomite, the waste from carbon sources and nonmetallic components of iron load e.
Iron cement or eisen cement, which is a mixture of slag and ordinary portland cement. Use of granulated blast furnace slag as fine aggregate in cement mortar m c nataraja1, p g dileep kumar2, a s manu1 and m c sanjay1 this paper investigates the possibility of utilizing granulated blast furnace slag gbfs as a sand substitute in cement mortar, in order to reduce environmental problems related to aggregate. The promotion of blast furnaces slag in construction industry aims at protecting the environment, fighting against the nuisance such as waste dumps and promoting local products. Slag cement, ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs, granulated blast furnace slag gbfs, slag product form. Specification of portland blast furnace slag cement european standard en 19712000. Ground granulated blast furnace slag cement ggbfs is a fine glassy granules which contain cementatious properties. As strength development of alkaliactivated slag cements containing neutral gbfs and sodium carbonate as. When this slag is actively cooled and ground, gbfs is produced, which can be utilised as a cement or concrete addition. Blast furnace slag bfs is a product of iron production, which has been widely investigated and utilized, particularly as a supplementary cementitious material for cement or alkaliactivated material, owing to its high hydraulic property or alkali activation reactivity. Slag cement is the hydraulic binder obtained by grinding portland cement clinker with 2080.
Slag activity index s ai according to astm c98994a 10, slag activity index is the percentage ratio of average compressivestrength of slag cement mor. The aim of this study is to determine the strength of cement mortar, replacing fine aggregate with granulated blast furnace slag gbfs by various percentages such as. Slag portland cement, which may be a true portland cement. Gbfs is said to increase durability of concrete due to an increased setting time, which reduces. Cement is replaced by slag from different steel mills, both blast furnace and ladle furnace slag.
Design of selfcompacting concrete with ground granulated. The granulated slag made by the rapid chilling of suitable molten slags from blast furnaces forms the basis of another group of constructional cements. European standard en 19712000 specification for slag cement. Properties of hardened concrete with blast furnace slag ggbfs. Grade 80 has a low activity index and is used primarily in mass structures because it generates less heat than portland cement.
C989 c989m18a standard specification for slag cement for use in concrete and mortars groundgranulated blast furnace slag. The slag is obtained by rapidly chilling the molten ash from the furnace by means of chilled water and is ground about 400 m2kg of fineness by using state of the art grinding mill to make ggbs. The latent hydraulic property of the blast furnace slag gives excellent longterm strength. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs conventionally has been incorporated with ordinary portland cement opc owing to. Blast furnace slag, a byproduct of iron production, is one of the most widely used cementitious constituents of modern binders, and is typically used in concrete as a partial replacement of portland cement pc.
Hydration, structure, and properties of blast furnace slag. The larger flexural strength of blast furnace slag concrete is the result of the stronger bond which is achieved in cement slag aggregate system due to slag particle shape and surface. In blast furnace cement, the slag as obtained from blast furnace is used. It offers hydraulic properties same as those of portland cement and thus may partly substitute the. Ground granulated blast furnace slag is used as an additive with portland cement in. Blastfurnace slag is used in makingfour classes of cement puzzolan, or ordinary slag cement, usually simply called slag cement. Grinding reduces the particle size to a cement fineness for use as a hydraulic cement, which is typically less than 3500 cm 2 g. Slag substitution as a cementing material in concrete mdpi.
Manufactured sand msand, granulated blast furnace slag gbfs, stone crusher dust, quarry dust, washed bottom ash, sheet glass powder etc. Pdf investigating the local granulated blast furnace. Through our extensive distribution system, newcem is available for blending with conventional portland cement at the concrete plant to produce highquality, durable concrete. Granulated ground blast furnace slag ggbfs is a key constituent of cem iias, cem iibs and cem iii cements. Fly ash and blast furnace slag for cement manufacturing. History of use of ground granulated blast furnace slag cement in the. The use of slag in replacing portland cement by ggbfs is not very common. Ground granulated blast furnace slag is a supplementary cementitious material that is a partial replacement for portland cement in concrete and other similar products. Slag cement use can be traced to the 1700s when the material was combined with lime to.
Pdf chemical acceleration of a neutral granulated blast. Use of aircooled blast furnace slag as coarse aggregate. Experimental behavior of reinforced concrete with partial. Page 3 specifications although the final blended cement in the concrete is simply an improved portland blast furnace slag cement, it cannot be subjected to the ordinary cement tests. Blue circle ground granulated blastfurnace slag ggbs. This report presents available information regarding the use of aircooled blast furnace slag acbfs as coarse aggregate in concrete pavements. Silicates in slag cement combine with the calcium hydroxide ch. Experimental behavior of reinforced concrete with partial replacement of cement with ground granulated blast furnace slag m. Nonportland cement activation of blast furnace slag. The use of granulated slag as a part replacement of portland cement or in the production of clinker free binder constitutes a valuable outlet for this product. Standard specification for slag cement for use in concrete. Duracrete were merged to derive exponents for prediction of chloride penetration in. Minnesota department of transportation certified cement.
This applies to all cement, ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs, and blended cement sold to contractors for use. In 1955, blast furnace slag cement was classified into a, b, and c according to the content of blast furnace slag. Groundgranulated blastfurnace slag ggbs or ggbfs is obtained by quenching molten iron slag a byproduct of iron and steelmaking from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is then dried and ground into a fine powder. This paper presents results of a study on chemical acceleration of a neutral granulated blast furnace slag activated using sodium carbonate.
Ground granulated blastfurnace slag is suitable for use in concrete. Blast furnace slag is mostly an amorphous product, comprising little amounts of crystalline phases such as akermanite ca 2 mgsi 2 o 7, merwinite ca 3 mgsi 2 o 8, or quartz sio 2. Types of cement where the blast furnace slag is used in turkey and sales figures for 2006. Pelletized blast furnace slag, in contrast to aircooled and expanded blast furnace slag, has a relatively smooth texture and rounded shape. The aim of this study is the characterization of local. Effect of blastfurnace slag as cement replacement on hydration. Mechanochemical modification of cement with high volumes of. Slag cement granulated blast furnace slag 11 benefits of the concretes produced with blast furnace slag cement hydration the reaction between blast furnace slag cement and water is a complicated process. A mixture of portland cement and granulated slag, containing up to 65 percent slag, is known in the englishspeaking countries as portland blast furnace slag cement. The clinkers of cement are ground with about 60 to 65 per cent of slag. Chapter 15 cements made from blast furnace slag of the chemistry of cement and concrete, chemical publishing co. It can also be used without pc, through the addition of an alkali source yielding an alkaliactivated slag binder. Ideal for large pours, reducing the risk of earlyage thermal cracking.
Mechanochemical modification of cement with high volumes of blast furnace slag. Jis for blast furnace slag cement was first developed in 1950, in which the content of blast furnace slag was specified to be approximately 70% or less. Development of engineered cementitious composites with. Properties of hardened concrete with blast furnace slag. Blast furnace slag an overview sciencedirect topics. Various effects of blast furnace slag in concrete production are reiterated by kim et al. The samples of the cement composites were prepared with the following types of cements.
For more information call 0 cement 0 236 368 or visit au safety data sheet ground granulated blast furnace slag. Molten slag is tapped from a blast furnace, rapidly quenched with water granulated, dried and ground to a fine powder. Pdf properties of blastfurnace slag cement concrete. Ground granulated blast furnace slag is used as an additive with portland cement in combination with water and aggregates to form concrete. The slag is a waste product in the manufacturing process of pigiron and it contains the basic elements of cement, namely, alumina, lime and silica. As evidence of the rtas commitment to the increased use. Hydration kinetics and products of mgoactivated blast. As evidence of the rtas commitment to the increased use of recycled materials, in june 1993 the rta in conjunction with the australasian slag association, released a guide to the use of slag in roads. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs is designated in astm c 989 and consists mainly of silicates and aluminosilicates of calcium. Ground slag properties, characterisation and uses ccaa. Ggbfs is divided into three classifications based on its activity index. Replacement of fine aggregate by granulated blast furnace. Blast furnace slag cement is the mixture of ordinary portland cement and fine granulated blast furnace slag obtained as a by product in the manufacture of steel with percent under 70% to that of cement.
The slag cement association sca represents companies that produce and ship over 90 percent of the slag cement ground granulated blast furnace slag in the u. Effects of blast furnace slag as a partial replacement for. Concrete made with ggbs cement sets more slowly than concrete made with ordinary portland cement, depending on the amount of ggbs in the cementitious. Minnesota department of transportation mndot will only accept cementitious materials from the mndot certified sources list. Pdf coarse blast furnace slag as a cementitious material. National slag nsa 18 association durability of slag cement concretes by donald w. The industrial slags, which have cementitious or pozzolanic. A portland cement mixed with a designated amount of ground granulated blast furnace slag. Certified cement, granulated blast furnace slag, and blended cement program.
Safety data sheet ground granulated blast furnace slag. Ground granulated blast furnace slag cement ggbs, a byproduct in steel manufacture, has been used to improve concrete strength development during accelerated curing but poses a challenge of. The purpose of this project was to test a hypothesis of greener cement by testing different material mixtures, specifically nonportland slag. Blast furnace slag cement manufacture, properties and uses. Earlyage compressive strength of concrete with blast furnace slag cement type a was improved by increasing c 3 s content more than 65%, especially at low temperature. This specification covers three strength grades of finely ground granulated blast furnace slag grades 80, 100, and 120 for use as a cementitious material. Gopinath3 1,2,final year student, department of civil engineering, sathyabama university, chennai, india.
Fly ash, slag, silica fume, and natural pozzolans, chapter 3. A guide to the use of iron blast furnace slag in cement and concrete. Nowadays limestone powder and blast furnace slag bfs are widely used in concrete as blended materials in cement. Blast furnace slag gbfs builders choice blast furnace slag bulk milled slag bms ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs slag synonyms uses cement additive manufacture of cements 1. Blast furnace slag is a byproduct of iron manufacturing, via thermochemical reduction, in a blast furnace. General hydration model for portland cement and blastfurnace slag cement. Evaluation of strength development in concrete with ground.
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